{"id":10953,"date":"2024-12-11T19:49:26","date_gmt":"2024-12-11T18:49:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sygeplejevidenskab.dk\/?p=10953"},"modified":"2025-07-14T20:10:04","modified_gmt":"2025-07-14T18:10:04","slug":"aendring-af-tarmens-mikrobiota-ved-crohns-sygdom-et-pilotstudie-om-effekten-af-en-plantebaseret-kost-med-dna-baseret-monitorering","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sygeplejevidenskab.dk\/index.php\/2024\/12\/11\/aendring-af-tarmens-mikrobiota-ved-crohns-sygdom-et-pilotstudie-om-effekten-af-en-plantebaseret-kost-med-dna-baseret-monitorering\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c6ndring af tarmens mikrobiota ved Crohns sygdom: Et pilotstudie om effekten af en plantebaseret kost med DNA-baseret monitorering"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00d8stergaard SK, Cetin Z, Rasmussen HH, L\u00e6rke HN, Holst M, Lauridsen C og Nielsen JL (2024). Modulating the gut microbiota in Crohn\u2019s disease: a pilot study on the impact of a plant-based diet with DNA-based monitoring (2024) Front. Nutr. 11:1502967. doi: <\/span>10.3389\/fnut.2024.1502967<\/a><\/p>\n

Download som PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Introduktion
\n<\/span><\/strong>Patienter med Crohns sygdom (CD) har en kronisk inflammatorisk tarmsygdom, der er kendetegnet ved en ubalanceret og reduceret diversitet i tarmens mikrobiota. Forskning i sygdommen tyder p\u00e5, at kost\u00e6ndringer kan p\u00e5virke mikrobiotaens sammens\u00e6tning og reducere tarmbet\u00e6ndelse.<\/span><\/p>\n

Form\u00e5let med dette studie var at unders\u00f8ge, hvordan en plantebaseret kost p\u00e5virkede tarmens mikrobiota og mark\u00f8rer for inflammation hos CD-patienter. Samtidig blev DNA-sekventering af planterester i f\u00e6ces anvendt til objektivt at vurdere patienternes adh\u00e6rence til den planlagte di\u00e6t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Metode
\n<\/span><\/strong>Fjorten patienter med Crohns sygdom gennemf\u00f8rte en 12-ugers intervention med plantebaseret kost. Patienterne udfyldte kostregistreringer, og der blev taget f\u00e6ces pr\u00f8ver til at identificere planterester ved DNA-sekventering af et gen i kloroplastre (trnL). F\u00e6ces blev ogs\u00e5 anvendt til at bestemme \u00e6ndringer i mikrobiotaen vha. sekventering af det bakterielle 16S rRNA gen, og inflammationsniveau blev m\u00e5lt med f\u00e6kal calprotectin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Resultater
\n<\/span><\/strong>DNA-sekventering viste sig at v\u00e6re et objektivt og pr\u00e6cist v\u00e6rkt\u00f8j til at vurdere di\u00e6tadh\u00e6rence.
\n<\/span>I f\u00e6cespr\u00f8verne blev der fundet 55 plantegener ved DNAsekventering, mens kun 41 blev rapporteret i kostregistreringer, hvilket understreger den h\u00f8jere pr\u00e6cision af DNA-baseret monitorering.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ved uge 4 havde patienter \u00f8get deres planteindtag med 40% (P = 0,032), hvilket blev opretholdt frem til uge 12. Der s\u00e5s en betydelig \u00e6ndring i bakteriesammens\u00e6tningen, herunder en stigning i gavnlige bakteriesl\u00e6gter som Faecalibacterium og Bacteroides, der ofte er underrepr\u00e6senterede hos CD-patienter. Samtidig faldt niveauet af inflammationsmark\u00f8ren calprotectin fra 472 mg\/kg ved baseline til 207 mg\/kg efter 12 uger, hvilket indikerer reduceret tarmbet\u00e6ndelse. Derudover s\u00e5s de st\u00f8rste forbedringer hos patienter, der havde lavt planteindtag forud for fors\u00f8gets start.<\/span><\/p>\n

Konklusion
\n<\/span><\/strong>En plantebaseret kost kan fremme tarmens sundhed ved at \u00f8ge diversiteten af bakterier i tarmen og reducere tarmbet\u00e6ndelse hos CD-patienter. Studiet viser ogs\u00e5, at DNA-baserede metoder kan forbedre pr\u00e6cisionen i vurderingen af di\u00e6tadh\u00e6rence i kliniske studier. Dog skal det bem\u00e6rkes at studiet er foretaget p\u00e5 en lille kohorte, hvilket begr\u00e6nser generaliserbarheden.<\/span><\/p>\n

Implikationer for praksis
\n<\/span><\/strong>Kost\u00e6ndringer, herunder en plantebaseret kost, kan v\u00e6re et effektivt supplement til behandling af Crohns sygdom. Sygeplejersker og andre sundhedsprofessionelle spiller en vigtig rolle i at st\u00f8tte patienter i kostoml\u00e6gninger og DNA-sekventering kan lette registreringer og sikre adh\u00e6rence gennem objektive monitoreringsv\u00e6rkt\u00f8jer.<\/span><\/p>\n

Af Stine Karstenskov \u00d8stergaard, Cand. polyt. i bioteknologi, ph.d.-studerende. <\/span>E-mail: sko@bio.aau.dk<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d8stergaard SK, Cetin Z, Rasmussen HH, L\u00e6rke HN, Holst M, Lauridsen C og Nielsen JL (2024). Modulating the gut microbiota 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